Polygonum tinctorium

Family: Polygonaceae

What it is like

Polygonum tinctorium is a ANNUAL growing to 0.8 m (2ft 6in). It is frost tender. It is in flower from July to August, and the seeds ripen from September to November. The species is hermaphrodite (has both male and female organs) and is pollinated by Insects. Suitable for: light (sandy), medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils. Suitable pH: mildly acid, neutral and basic (mildly alkaline) soils. It cannot grow in the shade. It prefers moist soil.

Height (m): 0.8

Where it is found

Weed infested places. Moist valleys and along streambanks at elevations of 200 - 1000 metres in China.

E. Europe to E. Asia.

Conservation Status:

Countries/locations it is found in

How it is used

Food

Rating: 1

Young plant - cooked. Seed - raw or cooked. It is rather small and fiddly to utilize.

Seed: includes nuts, cereals, peas and beans.

Medicine

Rating: 2

The stems and the leaves are antidote, anti-inflammatory, antiphlogistic, antipyretic and depurative. Their use increases the phagocytosis of white blood cells and decreases the permeability of the capillaries. The indigo pigment in the leaves is used. It is used in the treatment of freckles, pimples, erysipelas, mumps, thrush, epidemic protitis, infantile convulsions and high febrile conditions of children. The leaves and fruits are used in Korea to help protect the liver and to treat burns and food poisoning caused by eating fish. The fruits are antidote and febrifuge. The plant is anti-inflammatory.

Antidote: Counters poisoning.

Antiinflammatory: Reduces inflammation of joints, injuries etc.

Antiphlogistic: Reduces inflammation.

Antipyretic: Treats fevers. See Febrifuge.

Depurative: Eliminates toxins and purifies the system, especially the blood.

Febrifuge: Reduces fevers.

Other

Rating: 2

A blue dye is obtained from the leaves of this plant. The leaves produce about 4 - 5% indigo by hydrolysis and acidification.

Dye: Plants that provide dyes.

How it is grown

Succeeds in an ordinary garden soil but prefers a moisture retentive not too fertile soil in sun or part shade. Requires full sun and a fertile soil. Prefers hot humid climates. A frost tender plant, it can be grown as a half-hardy annual in Britain. This plant used to be cultivated as a dye plant. Plants seem to be immune to the predations of rabbits.

Propagating it: Seed - sow spring in a cold frame. Germination is usually free and easy. When they are large enough to handle, prick the seedlings out into individual pots and plant them out in the summer if they have reached sufficient size. If not, overwinter them in a cold frame and plant them out the following spring after the last expected frosts.

Best place to grow: Cultivated Beds;

Habit: Annual

Hardiness:

Growth:

Soil: Light (sandy), medium, heavy (clay)

Shade: No shade

Moisture: Moist

Things to keep in mind

Although no specific mention has been made for this species, there have been reports that some members of this genus can cause photosensitivity in susceptible people. Many species also contain oxalic acid (the distinctive lemony flavour of sorrel) - whilst not toxic this substance can bind up other minerals making them unavailable to the body and leading to mineral deficiency. Having said that, a number of common foods such as sorrel and rhubarb contain oxalic acid and the leaves of most members of this genus are nutritious and beneficial to eat in moderate quantities. Cooking the leaves will reduce their content of oxalic acid. People with a tendency to rheumatism, arthritis, gout, kidney stones or hyperacidity should take especial caution if including this plant in their diet since it can aggravate their condition.

Its other names

Local names

Synonyms

Persicaria tictoria. (Ait.)Spach.