Black Highbush Blueberry
Vaccinium fuscatum

Family: Ericaceae

What it is like

Vaccinium fuscatum is a deciduous Shrub growing to 3.5 m (11ft 6in). See above for USDA hardiness. It is hardy to UK zone 4. It is in flower from March to May. The species is hermaphrodite (has both male and female organs) and is pollinated by Insects. The plant is not self-fertile. Suitable for: light (sandy) and medium (loamy) soils and prefers well-drained soil. Suitable pH: mildly acid soils and can grow in very acid soils. It can grow in semi-shade (light woodland) or no shade. It prefers moist or wet soil.

Height (m): 3.5

Where it is found

Swamps and pine barrens, wet woods and the edges of lakes.

Eastern N. America - New Hampshire, Ontario and Indiana south to Florida and Arkansas.

Conservation Status:

Countries/locations it is found in

Canada, North America, USA,

How it is used

Food

Rating: 3

Fruit - raw or cooked. Large, sweet, juicy and very flavourful. The fruit is about 8mm in diameter.

Medicine

Rating: 0

Other

Rating: 0

How it is grown

Requires a moist or wet lime free soil, preferring one that is rich in peat or a light loamy soil with added leaf-mould. Prefers a very acid soil with a pH in the range of 4.5 to 6, plants soon become chlorotic when lime is present. Succeeds in full sun or light shade though it fruits better in a sunny position. Requires shelter from strong winds. Plants are hardy to about -25°c. This species is often cultivated for its edible fruit. Plants are self-sterile, at least two different varieties must be grown if seed is required. Dislikes root disturbance, plants are best grown in pots until being planted out in their permanent positions. Closely related to V. corymbosum. Plants in this genus are notably resistant to honey fungus.

Propagating it: Seed - sow late winter in a greenhouse in a lime-free potting mix and only just cover the seed. Stored seed might require a period of up to 3 months cold stratification. Another report says that it is best to sow the seed in a greenhouse as soon as it is ripe. Once they are about 5cm tall, prick the seedlings out into individual pots and grow them on in a lightly shaded position in the greenhouse for at least their first winter. Plant them out into their permanent positions in late spring or early summer, after the last expected frosts. Cuttings of half-ripe wood, 5 - 8cm with a heel, August in a frame. Slow and difficult. Layering in late summer or early autumn. Another report says that spring is the best time to layer. Takes 18 months. Division of suckers in spring or early autumn.

Best place to grow: Woodland Garden Sunny Edge; Dappled Shade; Shady Edge; Bog Garden;

Habit: Shrub

Hardiness: 4-8

Growth:

Soil: Light (sandy), medium

Shade: Semi-shade, no shade

Moisture: Moist, wet

Things to keep in mind

Its other names

Local names

Synonyms

V. corymbosum atrococcum.